|
|
|
Basic Rules |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Basic Rules |
|
|
|
Information about Cricket Basics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
What is Cricket?
|
|
|
|
| Many people seem to find cricket to be a confusing game, but it is really quite
simple to understand. Cricket is a bat and ball based game, with some basic
similarities to baseball/softball/rounders. The essence of the game is that
members of one team (the batting side) try to score runs, while members of the
other team (the bowling, or fielding, side) try to get them out . The first
team gets as many runs as they can before they all get out (or before the
maximum time expires), then the second team try to get more runs than the first
team managed. To grasp the game, it is really a matter of understanding the
processes involved. That is, how do players score runs? And how do they get
out? Everything else is just details, techniques and variations. |
|
|
|
|
The Field
|
|
|
|
| A cricket field is a roughly elliptical field of flat grass, ranging in size
from about 90 to 150 meters (100-160yards) across, bounded by an obvious fence
or other marker. There is no fixed size or shape for the field, through large
deviations from a low-eccentricity ellipse are discouraged. In the center of
the field, and usually aligned along the axis of the ellipse, is the pitch, a
carefully prepare rectangle of closely mown and rolled grass over hard packed
earth. It is marked with white lines, called creases. |
|
|
|
|
Equipments
|
|
|
|
| |
Cricket Ball: Hard, cork and string ball, covered with lather and join into two
hemispheres by a seam, with the stitching slightly raised. Red balls are used
in day matches and white balls are used in games played under artificial light
at night. |
|
Circumference = 224 – 229 mm (8.81 to 9.00 inches) |
|
Weight = 156 – 163 gms (5.5 to 5.75 ounces). |
|
Cricket Bat: Blade made of willow, flat on one side, humped on the other for
strength, attached to a sturdy cane handle. |
|
Width = 108 mm (4.25 inches) |
|
Length = 965 mm (38 inches) |
|
Wickets: There are two wickets-wooden structures made up of a set of three
stumps topped by a pair of bails. |
|
Stumps: Three are wooden posts with spikes extending from their bottom end.
They are hammered in to the ground in an evenly spaced row. |
|
Diameter = 25 mm (1 inch) |
|
Height = 813 mm (32 inches) |
|
Distance between outermost stumps = 228 mm (9 inches) |
|
|
|
|
Weather |
|
|
|
| Adverse & Conditions: Play is suspended at the umpire’s direction in case
of rain or bad light. Light rain is usually tolerated, through nothing heavier,
because of the possibility of damage to the pitch. The pitch is covered with
waterproof material to protect it. The batsman can also appeal for bad light if
thy have difficulty in seeing the ball. |
|
|
|
|
How To Score Runs |
|
|
|
| Scoring runs is a very similar process to that of baseball. Firstly, there are
two batters at any time, who stand at opposing ends of a narrow strip in the
middle of the playing field, called the pitch. The batter tries to hit the ball
as it is bowled to him/her by the bowler. When they do hit it, they can run up
and down the wicket to score runs. Each time the two batters cross and
successfully reach the other end of the wicket, a run is scored to the batter
who hit the ball. Multiple runs can also be scored, by hitting the ball all the
way to the boundary of the playing field - four runs to reach it, and six if
the ball lands over it without hitting the ground. There are also a number of
ways a team can score runs as penalties for illegal types of bowling and so on. |
|
|
|
|
How To Get Out |
|
|
|
| Caught: If a fielder catches the ball on the full after the batsman has hit it
with his bat. |
| Bowled: If the batsman misses the ball and it hits and breaks the wickets
directly from the bowler's delivery. He is also out bowled if the ball breaks
the wicket after deflecting from his bat or body. The batsman is not out if the
wickets do not break. |
| Leg Before Wicket: If the batsman misses the ball with his bat, but intercepts
it with part of his body when it would otherwise have hit the wicket. If the
ball bounces outside an imaginary line drawn straight down the pitch from the
outside edge of leg stump, then the batsman can not be out LBW. But if the bats
man attempts to play a shot at the ball with his bat (and misses) he may only
be given out LBW. |
| Stumped: If the bats man misses the ball and in attempting to play it steps out
side his crease, he is out stumped if the wicket-keeper gathers the ball and
breaks the wicket with it before the batsman can ground part of his body or his
bat behind his crease. |
| Run out: If a bats man is attempting to take a run, and a fielder breaks that
batsman’s wicket with the ball while he is out of the crease. The fielder may
either break the wicket with a hand which holds the ball, or with the ball
directly it possible for the non-striker to be run out if the sticker hits the
ball straight down the pitch towards the non-striker’s wicket. But the ball
must touch a part of the non-striker’s body.
|
| Hit wicket: If, attempting to hit a ball or taking of f for a first run, the
batsman touches and breaks the wicket. This includes with the bat or dislodged
pieces of the batsman’s equipment-even a helmet or spectacles! Handling the
Ball: If batsman touches the ball with a hand not currently holding the bat,
Without the permission of the fielding side. This does not include being hit on
the hand by a delivery, or any other non-deliberate action.
|
| Obstructing the Field: If a batsman deliberately interferes with the efforts of
fielders to gather the ball or effect a run out. This does not include running
a path between the fielder and the wicket so that the fielder can not through
the stumps down with the ball, which is quite legal, but does include any
deliberate attempt to swat the ball away. |
| Hit the Ball twice: if a batsman hits a delivery with his bat and then
deliberately hits the ball again for any reason other than to defend his wicket
from being broken by the ball. If the ball is bouncing or rolling around near
the stumps, the batsman is entitled to knock it away so as to avoid being
bowled, but not to score runs. |
| Timed Out: If a new batsman takes longer than two minutes, from the time the
previous wicket falls to appear on the field. If a batsman is out caught,
bowled, LBW, stumped, or hit wicket, the bowler is credited with taking the
wicket. No single person is credited with taking a wicket if its falls by any
other method.
|
|
|
|
|
The Two Forms of Cricket |
|
|
|
| Test Matches:The test matches played over five days, with six hours play each
day. Each day’s play is divided into three sessions of two hours each, with a
40 minutes break down the first two sessions for lunch, and a 20 minutes tea
break between the last two sessions. As a short drinks break is taken once an
hour. The scheduled closed of play time is called stumps. Test matches are
rarely played under artificial lighting. Usually 90 over are bowled during the
day. Each team has two innings. If by the end of the final day’s play all the
innings are not completed, the game is draw. The order of innings alternates
except when the follow-on is enforced This happens if the second team to bat in
the first innings scores 200 or more runs fewer than the first team. Test
matches are played with a red cricket ball. A new ball is used for the
beginning of each innings. The same ball must be used for the beginning of each
innings, being replaced only in the following case:- |
|
|
a. |
The captain of the following team may elect to take a new ball at any time
after 80 over have been bowled with the previous ball. |
|
b. |
If the ball is lost, it is replaced. |
|
c. |
If the ball is damaged, either by the stitching coming undone or the ball
becoming clearly non-spherical, it is replaced. |
|
| One day International: In one day international each team gets only of 50 over.
Each innings is restricted to a maximum number of 50 over. Each innings is
complete at the end of the stipulated number of over, no matter how many
batsmen are out. Whichever team scores the most runs wins. A tied score stands.
There is no draw result. If the match is washed out, So that the innings are
not played, the game is declared a no-result. Incase of rain interruption the
number of over for each innings is recalculated so that thy will be the same.
|
|
|
|
|
Limited Duration |
|
|
|
| Limited duration games are played within a set time frame of four or five days,
usually with two innings per team. The highest level of this form of the game,
played between countries, is known as the Test Match. Presently there are ten
test-playing nations: Australia, England, South Africa, Pakistan, India, Sri
Lanka, New Zealand, the West Indies, Zimbabwe and Bangladesh. Limited duration
games are also played at First Class level in many countries, with games
usually played between states, counties or regions within a country. The
limited duration form is generally regarded among cricket traditionalists as
the more highly skilled version of the game, but this is certainly
debatable.The basic order of play is as follows. The captains toss a coin to de
|
|
|
|
|
Limited Overs |
|
|
|
| Limited overs cricket is often also referred to as one day cricket . When
played between countries, the games are referred to as one day internation- als
(or ODIs). Currently, in addition to the ten test playing nations listed
above,there are several teams involved in ODIs, including several that played
in the last World Cup. These new emerging teams include countries such as
Scotland, Kenya and The Netherlands. The basic concepts of cricket remain in
the limited overs form of the game, but the format of play makes for a very
different game, requiring different skills and strategies. The game is also
often played at night (under lights), and a white ball is used, to aid
visibility. In one day cricket, the length of the match is limited to 50, 55 or
60 overs per side, in one innings. However many runs a team makes when its
overs are finished is its total, no matter how many wickets have been taken.
However, if the side is all out before the overs are used up, the innings is
finished and the opponents still get the full amount of overs to make their
required runs. One day internationals often tend to be very exciting and
close-finishing games, with large crowds and exciting atmospheres.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|